Geo-morphological Structure
Uttar Pradesh is a frontier state located in the north-central of India. Latitudinally it lies between 23052’ 'to 30024’northern latitude and Longitude wise between 77005’ 'to 84038’ east longitude.
From east to west, its length is 650 km and from south to north is 240 km.
Uttar Pradesh has a total area of 243,286 km² sq km, which is 7.33% of the total area of India.
The Urban area of Uttar Pradesh: 2.70% of its total geographical area.(6,558 sq km)
Position of Uttar Pradesh in terms of Area: 4th (after Rajasthan, MP and Maharashtra respectively)
The boundary of UP is touched by 9 states / Union Territories.
Name of state whose are touching the boundary of Uttar Pradesh: Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, Bihar, Uttarakhand
Union Territory touching the boundary of U.P.- Delhi
The longest border touching UP is that of Madhya Pradesh.
Whereas the smallest border is that of Himachal Pradesh.
7 districts of Uttar Pradesh lie adjacent to Nepal border. They are Maharajganj, Sidharthanagar, Balrampur, Shravasti, Bahraich, Lakhimpur and Pilibhit.
Total border length of Nepal touching UP is 579 km.
Seven districts of Uttar Pradesh touch the boundary of Uttarakhand state. They are Saharanpur, Muzaffar Nagar, Bijnor, Moradabad, Rampur, Bareli and Pilibhit.
Name of Six districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Haryana state: Saharanpur, Shamli, Bagpat, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Aligarh and Mathura.
Name of two districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Delhi are respectively: Ghaziabad, Gautam Buddha Nagar (NOIDA).
River determining the boundary between Haryana and UP: Yamuna.
Name of two districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Rajasthan are respectively : Agra and Mathura.
Name of eleven districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Madhya Pradesh state are Agra, Etawah, Jalna, Jhansi, Lalitpur, Mahomba, Banda, Chitrakoot, Allahabad, Mirzapur and Sonbhadra.
Name of seven districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Bihar state are: Sonbhadra, Chandauli, Ghazipur, Ballia, Deoria, Kushinagar (Padrauna) and Maharajganj.
Districts of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Chhattisgarh state is Only Sonbhadra.
Name of the district of Uttar Pradesh touching the boundary of Jharkhand state is Only Sonbhadra.
The number of states lying adjacent to the border of Sonbhadra district: 4 (M.P., Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and Bihar).
Number of States lying adjacent to the Saharanpur district of Uttar Pradesh: 3 (Haryana, Himachal and Uttarakhand).
Name of the State touching to the southernmost point of Uttar Pradesh:Chhattisgarh.
Name of the States touching the eastern and western parts of the state: Bihar and Haryana 4 districts having the largest area in decreasing order: Khiri, Sonbhadra, Hardoi, Sitapur.
U.P. is currently divided into three physiographic territories:
(i) Gangetic plain: The elevation of Ganga Yamuna is 300 m from sea level. It has been constructed from alluvium soil.
(ii) Bhabar - Terai region: This area extends from Saharanpur in the northwest to Kushinagar in the east. This area is flat and moist. Swamp Field is found here due to excessive rainfall.
(iii) Plateau of the South: The total area of this area is 45200 square kilometres. The terrain of Bundelkhand and Baghelkhandis included in the plateau region of the south.
Climate of Uttar Pradesh
The climate of Uttar Pradesh is predominantly Tropical monsoon type. However, due to the different abnormalities and different heights of different places from the sea level, there is an inequality in the climate.
There Three seasons: Summer, Rainy and Winter.
Summer season: Summer season is from mid-March to mid-June.
The average high temperature in summer is 360C to 390 C. And average low is 210C to 230 C minimum.
The highest average temperature is found in Bundelkhand. The reason for this is its position near the line of Tropic of Cancer.
Rainy Season: The rainy season is from the last week of June to October.
The highest rainfall occurs in the months of July and August.v Average temperature ranges from a maximum of 320C to 340C and minimum of 250C.
The district with highest and lowest rainfall: Gorakhpur (184.7 cm), Mathura (54.4 cm)v Average annual rainfall of different parts of the state: Lowland area 150 cm, Eastern plains 112 cm, Intermediate plains 94 cm, Western plains area 84 cm, Southern hill plateau area 91 cm.
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